RPI newest OS Debian Trixie

kll Posted 2 months agoSoftware

today see Raspberry Pi release
new OS
Debian Trixie
setup
temporary RPI fix IP
VNC login
more setup
drive speed
SAMBA
DOCKER install
portainer
opencloud
file browser
NGINX
Arduino IDE
Mosquitto server
Node-Red server
use SQLite in Node-red and tools like SQLite CLI and SQLite browser
try RUST

Debian Trixie

3.10.2025
see Raspberry Pi OS trixie available

setup

try on RPI4
( use USB3 / ORICO 10Gbps TCM2-C3 adapter with a M2-SSD 256GB w. Raspberry Pi OS Debian Bookworm )
headless only ( means i use UBUNTU 25 PC with VNC Viewer to RPI4 desktop )

plug in a temporary 8GB uSD card

and start the / menu / Accessories / RPI Imager
and burn new Raspberry Pi OS 64bit ( Trixie ) to uSD.

temporary RPI fix IP

to avoid search for IP after initial boot:
then ( uSD out / in ) see /media/pi/bootfs
edit cmdline.txt ( i use terminal 'sudo mc' [F4] 'nano')
add inside first line
ip=192.168.1.104
( check have [space] before and after )

now reboot ( my RPI4 automatic uses uSD if avail ) ( and wait long time for setup )
login via PC terminal:
ssh pi@192.168.1.104
sudo raspi-config
/ Interface options / I3
+ enable VNC
now can use PC's VNC viewer again to new Trixie desktop.

sudo nano /boot/firmware/cmdline.txt and change back the fix IP there
and make fix IP better way

sudo nmcli c show
sudo nmcli c mod 'Wired connection 1' ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.104/24 ipv4.method manual
sudo nmcli con mod 'Wired connection 1' ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1
sudo nmcli con mod 'Wired connection 1' ipv4.dns "10.10.30.1 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4"

( if used Raspberry Pi Imager and configured WiFi connection there, that's entry-name will be 'preconfigured' )
sudo nmcli c mod 'preconfigured' ipv4.addresses 192.168.1.204/24 ipv4.method manual
sudo nmcli con mod 'preconfigured' ipv4.gateway 192.168.1.1
sudo nmcli con mod 'preconfigured' ipv4.dns "10.10.30.1 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4"

restart

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

VNC login

now copy new OS from uSD to USB drive:
( well, could be possible via terminal too but desktop menu more easy )

menu/Accessories/SD Card Copier
from: /dev/mmcblk0
to: /dev/sda
make new UUID
( overwrite old Debian Bookworm system on USB drive )

shutdown / power off / remove uSD / power on /

more setup

install some usual tools
sudo apt install gparted fastfetch tree mc hdparm nmap

mkdir Projects

in Desktop taskbar enable [CPU][CPU temp]

check out the

drive speed

sudo apt install -y hdparm
sudo hdparm -t /dev/sda2


/dev/sda2:
 Timing buffered disk reads: 958 MB in 3.09 seconds = 309.98 MB/sec

not bad for a RPI4

while on uSD it was
sudo hdparm -t /dev/mmcblk0p2


/dev/mmcblk0p2:
 Timing buffered disk reads: 132 MB in 3.03 seconds = 43.60 MB/sec

_______________
compare with my PCIe3 PC M2-SSD:


sudo hdparm -t /dev/nvme0n1p2

/dev/nvme0n1p2:

Timing buffered disk reads: 4922 MB in 3.00 seconds = 1640.66 MB/sec

here my PCIe4 PC M2-SSD:
Timing buffered disk reads: 6800 MB in 3.00 seconds = 2266.32 MB/sec
_______________
optional use the --direct with the hdparm command
see man hdparm

- - but i run into problems with that new fast USB SSD drive for RPI:

try new OS Debian Trixie
on hardware:
RPI 4B
ORICO TCM2-C3 - NVMe M.2 SSD ENCLOSURE (10Gbps) (RED)
WD_BLACK SN770 250GB

sudo hdparm -t --direct /dev/sda2

test PCIe4 PC USB 3.1 ____ 420.86 MB/sec
test from RPI4 USB 3.0 ___ 312.47 MB/sec
test RPI4 uSD shows ______ 40.17 MB/sec

but orico 'cooler' get very hot
and VNC RPI4 desktop freeze
and file problems like
file delete / reinstall / see directories but not the files /
? looks like a serious corruption of the file tables ?

but after full burn from uSD again it looks ok

so if the SSD is bad i need a new one ( it actually was a new, free one as a WD warranty replacement ),

or if it is good, but stops working in that adapter because of heat?
or ( good answer from RPI forum ejolson: because Pi 4 tends not to have enough power for a high-performance SSD
what can i do?

my understanding is that SN770 is a PCIe4
but that might be no use if connected to USB 3.0 anyhow ?
could it be better to buy a PCIe3 M2 SSD ? might that REDUCE the heat ?

to compare with my older drive:
i run for a year ( on that RPI4 and same PS )
WD Blue SN570 250GB
in a older orico enclosure ? same model (but with UGREEN USB adapter USB-C to USB-A )
without problems and
just tested in RPI4 with 232.96 MB/sec
and from USB 3.1 with 349.98 MB/sec

need to test that SSD and also buy a PCIe3 SSD?

SAMBA

mkdir ~/Desktop/share

sudo apt install -y samba

sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf

#add after [homes] before [printers]:
[RPI4_share]
path = /home/pi/Desktop/share
writeable = yes
browseable = yes
public = no

sudo smbpasswd -a pi
pw
pw

sudo systemctl restart smbd

( and test from PC )

DOCKER install

curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh
sudo sh get-docker.sh

now can use my alias
dinfo

and for maintenance install

portainer

sudo docker volume create portainer_data
sudo docker run -d -p 8000:8000 -p 9443:9443 --name portainer --restart=always -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock -v portainer_data:/data portainer/portainer-ce:lts
try browser:
https:192.168.1.104:9443 ( accept risk... )
setup:
user: admin
pw: < adminpw> ( requires 12 char long )

instead of nextcloud i want try

opencloud

i see here
better use opencloud or try this way

mkdir -p $HOME/opencloud/opencloud-config
mkdir -p $HOME/opencloud/opencloud-data

and a manual docker run command
initialize

sudo docker run --rm -it -v $HOME/opencloud/opencloud-config:/etc/opencloud -v $HOME/opencloud/opencloud-data:/var/lib/opencloud -e IDM_ADMIN_PASSWORD=admin opencloudeu/opencloud-rolling:latest init

start

sudo docker run --name opencloud --rm -d -p 9200:9200 -v $HOME/opencloud/opencloud-config:/etc/opencloud -v $HOME/opencloud/opencloud-data:/var/lib/opencloud -e OC_INSECURE=true -e PROXY_HTTP_ADDR=0.0.0.0:9200 -e OC_URL=https://192.168.1.104:9200 opencloudeu/opencloud-rolling:latest

LAN browser:
https://192.168.1.104:9200

admin
admin

add text file 'setup.txt' under personal and try to find it:
~/opencloud/opencloud-data/storage/users/users/1dcf5064-da70-4910-955a-0693fd5f9350/setup.txt

file browser

now that 2 things i play with
- - OMV ( on RPI3 needed a .lite image and a extra drive ( i used manual partition ) )
- - open cloud / next cloud ( via docker .. )
sure have their use, but also lots of overhead ( security / multi-users environment... )
and with that actually CAN NOT just access your usual work dir via browser
i not need, i have on RPI a
/home/pi/Projects/ directory for work
and can serve it inside LAN with samba
if i want use the browser BUT NOT above different path structure
try ( on docker ):
DOCKER
GIT
filebrowser.org

get the newest image
sudo docker pull filebrowser/filebrowser:v2-s6

sudo docker run -d --name filebrowser --restart=always -v /home/pi/Projects:/srv -v /home/pi/.filebrowser:/database -v /home/pi/.filebrowser:/config -e PUID=$(id -u) -e PGID=$(id -g) -p 8088:80 filebrowser/filebrowser:v2-s6

http:192.168.1.104:8088

hm, no info about first login? admin admin not work
admin random password?? how to find? suggested:
sudo docker logs filebrowser
and
cat /home/pi/.filebrowser/settings.json
not help
so delete container and these files filebrowser.db and settings.json ( to get a clean .init )
and setup again, now see
sudo docker logs filebrowser

2025/11/14 12:44:57 Warning: filebrowser.db can't be found. Initialing in /database/
2025/11/14 12:44:57 Using database: /database/filebrowser.db
2025/11/14 12:44:57 Using config file: /config/settings.json
2025/11/14 12:44:57 Performing quick setup
2025/11/14 12:44:57 User 'admin' initialized with randomly generated password: 9k5xMoz4QwRNEGY7
2025/11/14 12:44:58 Listening on [::]:80

and that login worked
now in 'admin'
can set new password !must be 12 char long!

so yes there you could now also create other users with different roles... NOT NEED

the main objective to handle your work dir via browser is working!

install

NGINX

in a docker container
prepare a user dir:
/home/pi/Projects/nginx/
and make a index.html file in it ( containing minimal a text line ) .

setup docker NGINX:
sudo docker run -it --restart unless-stopped -d -p 8080:80 --name web -v ~/Projects/nginx:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx

and call it from other network browser via:
http://192.168.1.104:8080/

i copy in my previous 'webwork' project where i use RPI2 RPI3 for, see also
Learn Web

my hobby / work includes
+ micro controller like RPI PICO / ESP32 / not Arduino anymore
+ + make web server and telemetry projects
+ + + MQTT

for that need development tools like

Arduino IDE

if that is my new work system i need a lot more tools,
and as i just was lucky setting up Arduino IDE 2.3.6 on Ubuntu 25.10 PC
i try again here, prior i only used old version, but still i not find a ARMversion, GRRR ok old version again
cd Downloads
wget https://downloads.arduino.cc/arduino-1.8.19-linuxaarch64.tar.xz
unzip here
tar -xvf arduino-1.8.19-linuxaarch64.tar.xz
cd ~/Downloads/arduino-1.8.19
sudo ./install.sh
reboot

Mosquitto server

Mosquitto broker install ( with user and password )
i follow https://raspberrytips.com/mqtt-broker-raspberry-pi/

sudo apt install mosquitto mosquitto-clients

sudo systemctl enable mosquitto

sudo mosquitto_passwd -c /etc/mosquitto/pwfile uPICOW
now that ask you for password twice:
pPICOW
pPICOW

sudo chmod 0700 /etc/mosquitto/pwfile
sudo chown mosquitto:mosquitto /etc/mosquitto/pwfile

sudo nano /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
and add :


listener 1883
allow_anonymous true


listener 1883
allow_anonymous false
password_file /etc/mosquitto/pwfile

sudo systemctl restart mosquitto

for check:
sudo service mosquitto status
journalctl -xeu mosquitto.service
sudo cat /var/log/mosquitto/mosquitto.log

in a local RPI4 test open first terminal and try LISTENER:

mosquitto_sub -h localhost -u "uPICOW" -P "pPICOW" -v -t "#"

and do also MQTT OPERATION ( like in a second terminal ):

mosquitto_pub -h localhost -u "uPICOW" -P "pPICOW" -t "PICOW/D215/set" -m "R1ON"
mosquitto_pub -h localhost -u "uPICOW" -P "pPICOW" -t "PICOW/D215/set" -m "R1OFF"

MQTT explorer

better on PC install for monitor and test mqtt-explorer.

Node-Red server

bash <(curl -sL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/node-red/linux-installers/master/deb/update-nodejs-and-nodered)

yes
RPI tools YES
i select:
file YES
security NO ( no login password required only for my development station )
projects YES
manually commit changes no
default
load modules YES
______________________________
check:
cat /var/log/nodered-install.log

sudo systemctl enable nodered.service
sudo systemctl restart nodered.service

or reboot

check in browser:
http://192.168.1.104:1880/

first need to create a 'project' ( as we enabled it )
like 'test'
( for backup reasons i use NOT ENCYPTED )

now, on a fresh NR install

* dashboard and
* sqlite

need to be added like:
Menu - Manage palette option and search for node-red-dashboard and sqlite
UPS: both modules i used are out of date, need to upgrade

as test make a
[MQTTin] -- [debug]
configuring RPI4 broker with password and listen topic #
( i have a sonoff s31 flashed with TASMOTA and sending MQTT to RPI4 live in my WiFi LAN )
+ use MQTT explorer or RPI4 terminal for test publish
here like test NR dashboard 2 ( @flowfuse/node-red-dashboard )
and MQTT in show

regarding database possibly go for influxdb node
install from 'Manage Palette' menu
and how to get that database?
install on RPI directly or containerized?

influxdb
influxdb rpi4

influxdb docker

and sure RESTORE the NR project backup from old RPI4 drive
so here i am unsure if i can just overwrite the project dir with the backup...
so better try small manual steps:

via a LAN work environment:
on new AM5 Ubuntu 25.10 PC

* browser window to this RPI4 Node Red editor
http://192.168.1.104:1880/#
go project / new / and create manually all old projects

* in terminal window
login BACKUP PC AM4 Ubuntu server
ssh kll@192.168.1.99
< pw>
open MC
( left side select backup dir of old RPI4 )
( right side use SFTP login RPI4 ~.node-red.projects )

now in MC make a test copy of the 2 config files
flows.json
flows_cred.json

and in online editor force a full deploy
looks good
+ + dashboard page show and
+ + nodes connect local and remote MQTT broker
means file copy is OK
i not have to go the 'safe' way of importing that flows manually ( what would do a check of all nodes )

Note:
Node-Red setup and project copy
-1- NR install with projects and manually setup project no encription
-2- copy flow files
-3- install dashboard and sqlite
-4- if project copy from GIT need adjust MQTT broker connection ( link / password )
-5- for sqlite db:
-5.1- make the correct path by filemanager where NR expects the sqlite DB file will be
-5.2- in all flows what use a sqlite db table click on "make table"

use SQLite in Node-red and tools like SQLite CLI and SQLite browser

if you want to look into a db file where your historic data will be:
sudo apt install sqlitebrowser

sudo apt install sqlite3
see sqlite.org CLI

or use it from Python3

update 20.10.2025
now the external ORICO red USB M2-SSD box has a new ( slower / cooler ) drive / PCIe3
SSD M.2 PCIe (3.0) 256.GB (3Y) HIKSEMI CITY SSD E3000(STD) (HS-SSD-E3000 256G) for 670THB / 17.65EUR
Sequential Read 3,230 MB/s // Sequential Write 1,240 MB/s

test from RPI4 USB 3.0:
sudo hdparm -t --direct /dev/sda2
only 300 .. 330 MB/s

copy in a project backup from the external ORICO black USB M2-SSD box ( with the old RPI OS )
so i can format that drive.

restart Node-red work
select last project 'PICOW_MicroPython'

setup in Node-red sqlit3
manage palette: node-red-node-sqlite ( v 1.1.1 )

and make a directory path
/home/pi/Projects/PICO_W/
needed for the database
and force deploy FULL and restart FLOWS

in flow 'save to db' and flow 'log db'
click on setup node
'create table ...'
and reboot RPI4
now shoud see
/home/pi/Projects/PICO_W/data.sqlite3 ( created and written by the 'create table' action )

for some operation first need to create entries in the project database ( MultiSite Dashboard V271 )
dashboard: [Project List]
[ADD] [UP] (id 1)
modify entries and [ENTER]
name:
topic:
remark:

also need to check the 2 nodes what select the topics that are to be stored from the MQTT stream.

so it's time to bring the RPI PICO W online
+ just plug it into chrger OR
+ in this PC USB port ( so can use Arduino IDE 2 to develop )
anyhow already see data ( using at first on PC MQTT explorer )

now check RPI4 Node-Red with that project enabled and see:

next step is the new network setup:
the RPI4 has Ethernet through a D-Link 100 HUB so only 100Mbps instead tested 2xxMbps when connected to router directly
see at new PC BLOG

try RUST

follow geeksforgeeks
youtube video
curl https://sh.rustup.rs/ -sSf | sh
[Enter] or [1][Enter]
. "$HOME/.cargo/env"
restart

pi@rpi4:~ $ rustc --version
rustc 1.91.0 (f8297e351 2025-10-28)
pi@rpi4:~ $ cargo --version
cargo 1.91.0 (ea2d97820 2025-10-10)

local VScode install
+ + remote SSH and connect RPI4
+ + rust-analyzer
+ + codeLLDB
+ + Even Better TOML
+ + dependi
+ + Error Lens
and open remote terminal to create RUST project:
pi@rpi4:~/Projects/RUST $ cargo new show_os
cd show_os
cargo run
cd src
edit main.rs

happy coding!

Rust cheat sheet
Rust play ground

just read about RUST ( and VScode ) used on a RPI
( that two i have already installed on RPI4 )
to program a RPI PICO
i would like to try that with my unused RPI PICO 2 W
is that Zephyr thing the new Arduino IDE or more?

video
RPI news

i make a other new setup, but test something different regarding Mosquitto & Node-Red & HISTORIC TREND,
pls follow me to TRIXIE POWER METER