KLL-engineering

! time for a new PC !
Posted by kll on September 27 2025 11:19:35

my current work PC is from 2019
recent setup: Ubuntu Desktop 25.04
hardware:
Gigabyte B450M DS3H-CF
AMD Ryzen 5 3600 6 cores; 12 threads
8GB DDR4 SDRAM
NVIDIA GeForce GT 1030
NVMe M.2 WD_BLACK SN770 1TB ( already upgrade to a PCIe 4 for use in new PC after old one failed )

is fast enough,
but shows problems:
- - USB ports front (box) have connection issues
- - just see that the case fan not spins / bearing ( RGB still ok ) so removed it
and order new one ( 12V molex connector ) but it was too strong and loud so i removed it again
- - sometimes 10 sec black screen ? graphic card or PS OR monitor / Toshiba TV / ? ( see with Win and Linux )

possibly time for a

Extended Blog

upgrade

+ + AM4 to AM5
+ + PCIe3 to PCIe4
+ + DDR4 to DDR5
+ + RAM from 8GB to 16GB ( but shared for Graphic ) )
+ + 2 NVMe M.2 slots ( for boot-select OS // Ubuntu ? Win11 )

BUT NO GRAPHIC CARD AGAIN
i never wanted that, but at time i build it, the "G" CPU i wanted was not available here
I NEVER do GAMES!
my max graphic requirement is like browser YOUTUBE video ( and that is where RPI 1 .. 4 sucks )
so i think that what is called Office PC?

selection:
MAINBOARD: (AM5) GIGABYTE B650M D3HP DDR5 (REV. 1.2)
CPU: AMD AM5 RYZEN 7 8700G
is an 8 core / 16 thread processor that can boost up to 5.1GHz and sports a 24MB cache and Radeon 780M integrated graphics.
RAM: DDR5(5200) 16GB KINGSTON FURY BEAST
DRIVE: 500GB WD BLACK SN7100 NVMe
or existing : 1 TB SSD M.2 PCIe 4.0 WD BLACK SN770 NVMe what i buy for testing Ubuntu on old AM4 but new PCIe4 PC in mind
POWER SUPPLY: (80+ BRONZE) 650W COOLER MASTER MWE V2 230V
CASE: mATX CASE (NP) CUBIC NIO BLACK ( has USB3 on front )

a budget version would be AMD AM5 RYZEN 5 8600G
( 67% of the cpu price // 80% ( 25348/31593 bench ) of the speed ), has also DDR5 and PCIe4, but only AMD Radeon™ 760M
( so with this budget CPU / and no drive as use existing SN770 M2-SSD / new PC cost actually would come down to 350€ )

anyhow a huge speed boost
cpubenchmark.net

now in-between that 2 options would be like the 8845HS what i would like to have as a mini PC or a laptop
and again, no extra graphic card,
but that would be about 700€

pls. that is a BLOG aka online LOG
and not a tutorial...
so i dump some specific situations into,
what might not apply to you.

-a- that work PC drive (1 TB WD BLACK SN770 PCIe4 ) i use
i need to take out to build a new PC
so first backup data !

-b- the old PC i might use as a NAS server? or i give it to a friend after reinstall Ubuntu 25 desktop ?
it has a DVD drive? move that to the new one?

so as preparation
+ i shutdown the PC,
+ remove the M2 SSD ( for OS installation better only have the drive in you want install to )
+ reconnect a existing SATA SSD
+ install a non desktop Ubuntu 25.04 Server
from ubuntu-25.04-live-server-amd64.iso 1.9GB copied to a Ventoy USB boot stick
____________

setup UBUNTU SERVER 25.04 from 'ventoy' USB stick

boot from that stick [F12]
setup:
name: kll
server: am4
user: < user>
pw: < pw>

enable:
+ SSH
+ nextcloud
+ docker

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo apt install -y mc net-tools

+ ______________
laptop terminal check SSH login :
ssh < user>@192.168.1.9
< pw>

+ ______________
setup nextcloud
laptop browser:
http://192.168.1.9
< admin>
< admin-pw>
< admin-pw>
[yes] setup defaults

check it's files from remote terminal:
sudo cd or sudo mc
/var/snap/nextcloud/common/nextcloud/data/< admin>/files/
i should learn how to config that to other path or partition.
____________
+ make a data partition or extra drive
( if use from Linux and Windows better be NTFS formatted )

when boot from M2 SSD UBUNTU desktop and use 'GParted' partition manager ( or 'KDE pertition' )
can first reduce size of sata SSD sda2 and make new partition sda3 as NTFS

lsblk /dev/sda

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda 8:0 0 111.8G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1M 0 part
├─sda2 8:2 0 53.2G 0 part
└─sda3 8:3 0 58.6G 0 part

and now try to auto mount it from M2 SSD
sudo mkdir /mnt/ntfs
blkid /dev/sda3
to get the UUID of sda3
sudo nano /etc/fstab
add line

UUID=0ACB82FB63AFC15F /mnt/ntfs ntfs defaults 0 2

systemctl daemon-reload

sudo mount -a

touch /mnt/ntfs/ntfs.md
nano /mnt/ntfs/ntfs.md

reboot check mount.

now, for backup of Linux files 'ntfs' is not good ( some file attributes ( ext4 drive ) can not be copied )
also UBUNTU 25 has a little problem with it, like the file-manager ( gnome 48 ) not see that 'ntfs sda3' partition mount listed
but see 'ext4 sda2' auto mounted /media/< user>/xxx/
?security settings?, well i use the 'mc path hotlist' to '/mnt/ntfs' anyway.

+? and optional serve it with NFS or SAMBA

anyhow, that last chapter was all work done from booted M2 SDD UBUNTU25 desktop
( handling the Sata SDD UBUNTU25 server )
so it's time to recheck / reboot to server on sata SSD
( and mount 'ntfs sda3' also from there )
yes, that part worked, but i got a new problem first
the box has suddenly no internet connection ? router or OS ?
( lucky i still have HDMI terminal login )

fix IP

on RPI use sudo nmcli but not available on Ubuntu server
so try to find out what is default tool?
netplan

more backup:

as i need to completely new install OS for the new PC ( AM4 to AM5 mb ... )

i use 2 browser on the UBUNTU25
+ Firefox ( default Ubuntu )
+ Brave
export the saved passwords to csv
export the links/bookmarks to html

and just to remember what else i have installed here on that latest setup:
+ mc
+ Raspberry Pi Imager
+ VNC viewer
+ MQTT explorer
+ Arduino IDE
+ visual studio code
system tools:
+ GIMP + Geparted + Hardinfo2 + Krusader + htop + Kate + VLC player

setup UBUNTU Desktop 25.10 from 'ventoy' USB stick

to that existing 1 TB WD BLACK SN770 PCIe4 M2-SSD theoretically on PCIe4 should have
• Sequential Read (up to) 5,150 MB/s
• Sequential Write (up to) 4,900 MB/s
but still in the old AM4 PC ( while i ordered the new PC build ( extra 400THB /10.60€ ) at 'Advice Lamphun Thailand' shop )
if that NOT boot in the new PC ( because other MB, PCIe, CPU, no Graphic Card )
i take also the 'VENTOY' stick to install Ubuntu 'on site' again, incl a tools dir: '/setup/setup.sh +.bash_aliases'

that newest UBUNTU version
with Gnome 49 and Linux 6.17 looks nice, but need to play more to see how it fits me,
on the other hand, if i work only RPI inside a
+ VNC window
+ Termial ssh login
the OS not matter too much.

already find:
+ + fast boot and operation ( even only PCIe3 motherboard ) ( my old M2 SSD win 10 is nearly unusable )
+ + firefox browser links can drag drop to desktop now ( it creates a .html file type redirect ( ugly name and icon ) )
+ + found how to adjust the gnome files filemanager ( left side are bookmarks what can be deleted and created by drag drop a 'dir' to that left side, like my /Projects/ dir )
+ + reconnect above backup SSD and see 2 SSD icons, nice auto mount ( Ubuntu Server partition and NTFS partition )
+ + python 3.17.7 installed.. see also ubuntu-for-developers
- - App Center is a flickering headache

Arduino IDE 2

- - Arduino IDE install try:
arduino-ide_2.3.6_Linux_64bit.AppImage
not run
now get:
arduino-ide_2.3.6_Linux_64bit.zip and unzip to
~/Downloads/arduino-ide_2.3.6_Linux_64bit$
sudo chown root chrome-sandbox
sudo chmod 4755 chrome-sandbox
./arduino-ide
?run, but where is the install.sh?

Arduino detail install

#ok, again and follow:
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1461941/how-to-install-arduino-ide-2-2-from-the-zip-version-on-ubuntu-23-without-insta

cd /opt
sudo unzip ~/Downloads/arduino-ide_2.3.6_Linux_64bit.zip
sudo ln -s arduino-ide_2.3.6_Linux_64bit/arduino-ide arduino-ide
cd arduino-ide_2.3.6_Linux_64bit
# now add that trick
sudo chmod 4755 chrome-sandbox
cd
mkdir ~/.Desktop.Shortcuts

mkdir ~/.Desktop.Icons

cd ~/.Desktop.Icons
wget https://i.sstatic.net/HbDAj.png
# rename it
mv HbDAj.png Arduino-IDE-Icon.png

# make executable or not visible??
chmod 0774 Arduino-IDE-Icon.png

cd ~/.Desktop.Shortcuts
nano Arduino-IDE.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Exec=/opt/arduino-ide
Icon=~/.Desktop.Icons/Arduino-IDE-Icon.png
Name[en_US]=Arduino IDE
Name=Arduino IDE
Path=
StartupNotify=false
Terminal=false
Type=Application

[ctrl][s][ctrl][x]

sudo ln -s $HOME/.Desktop.Shortcuts/Arduino-IDE.desktop $HOME/Desktop/Arduino-IDE.desktop
#on desktop see icon Arduino IDE

sudo ln -s $HOME/.Desktop.Shortcuts/Arduino-IDE.desktop /usr/share/applications/Arduino-IDE.desktop

sudo usermod -a -G dialout $(whoami)

#icon Arduino IDE / context menu [Allow Launching]
#double click RUN OK
/file/preferences/ change datapath to
/$Home/Projects/Arduino/

sadly this version is not available for ARM my RPI4